Page 35 - Clean India Journal Magazine June 2019 Issue

MARKET REPORT

3. Detergency sulphonate, alcohol ether sulphate and alcohol ethoxylate
4. Chemical reactions such as oxidation and hydrolysis can be used. In sterile areas such as ampoule-filling
in which the residues are chemically changed. and other injectables processing rooms, sterilisation is
mandatory; cresol, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Cetrimide,
Cleaning Chemicals Isopropyl alcohol can be used.

Cationic (positively charged) detergents tend to leave Cleaning Equipment
persistent residues which adhere very strongly to glass
and are difficult to remove. Since this can affect the drug Cotton mops are avoided in the pharma industry, as
formulation and it stability, it should be avoided. they may leave cotton fibres behind, which may enter
Non-ionic (neutrally charged) detergents are preferred. processing equipment. Nylon brooms are preferred. In the
They do not ionise when dissolved in water. Since the tablet manufacturing area, wet floor mops are used. Vacuum
detergent is made of both acidic and alkaline components, cleaners are used to absorb dust generated on the external
it remains at a neutral pH when dissolved in water. They surface of machines in the tablet compression area. In sterile
typically produce less foam when mixed with water as production areas, sterile, lint-free mops are compulsory;
compared to ionic detergents, and are easier to wash away even the disinfectant is diluted in sterile distilled water.
from the equipment being cleaned, leaving lesser residue Scrubber-cum-driers are used in the non-sterile areas. When
behind than ionic detergents, thereby reducing the chance major cleaning is undertaken, pipe brushes and are used to
of any contamination and preventing any interference clean the grilles of Air Handling Units.
with analysis. They are well suited for removing oil from
surfaces. Frequency of Cleaning
Oil spills are cleared with 70% IPA, also used to Pharma processing equipment is cleaned in one of
wipe glass panes. Non-detergent chemical cleaning is two ways: clean-in-place methods (performed without
done using sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide. disassembling) and clean-out-of-place methods (parts
Alkaline cleaners are the best choice for cleaning soils are removed and washed separately in an equipment
such as gels, dyes and petrolatum. Citric acid-based wash area). Depending upon past and intended usage of
cleaners are better suited for removing titanium dioxide. equipment, the types of cleaning are:
Protein or starch-based soils may require the use of an Type A (minor): This type of cleaning takes place
enzyme cleaner. between two batches of the same product, or when there
In the general area, chemicals like sodium benzene is changeover of manufacture of the drug from lower

Clean India Journal
www.cleanindiajournal.com 35
June 2019