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Waste collection utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) with the technology of smart wireless sensors will enable to gather fill-level data from waste containers, hence providing a waste monitoring solution that brings up savings in waste collection costs. One of the challenges to the local authority is how to monitor the works of contractors effectively and efficiently in waste management. This paper is a proposal to the local authorities for the implementation of smart waste management in Malaysia to improve the city management and to provide better services to the public.
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Smart Waste Management System (SWMS) is one of the modules developed in Spatial Smart City Service Delivery Engine (SSCSDE) Project funded by Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation Malaysia (Mosti) under Techno fund grant in Malaysia. The objective of the project was to develop a spatial service delivery engine that is capable of exploiting the smart (geospatial) technologies to support city operations which includes managing, using, and exploring spatial data with scientific analysis in all possible phases of the decision-making process in the organization.
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Local authorities always face difficulty to monitor work done by waste collection services providers. SWMS acts as automatic enforcement system to penalize the contractor who breaks the contract. This solution helps monitor the contractor and brings information of garbage container status and reports automatically when it is full. This valuable information can be used by local authority for monitoring purposes and enforcement; by waste collection contractor to get alerts on the status of containers in terms of fill levels in order to optimize collection routes based on historical and real-time information and hence save operation cost; by the joint management body in charge of the waste chamber in residential areas to know the status of waste of each chamber and keep it clean
Case Study for SWMS
Enevo is a comprehensive logistics solution that saves time, money and the environment. It uses wireless sensors to measure and forecast the fill-level of waste containers and generates smart collection plans using the most efficient schedules and routes which take into account an extensive set of parameters future fill level projections, truck availability, traffic information, road restrictions, container and content types the vehicle can collect, etc. The solution provides up to 50% in direct cost savings. Enevo uses WSN and Ultrasound sensor for measuring the fill level of waste container.
SENSdumpster filling level monitoring is an innovative device that monitors the filling level of a dumpster. It works with any kind of waste and fits to any type of dumpster. It makes use of a volumetric sensor that provides information of the level of filing of a dumpsters. A temperature sensor is able to detect significant temperature increases that may result in fire. SENSdumpster is a fully ZigBee wireless device that can be integrated to any ZigBee network deployment within the smart-city.
SWM System Architecture
SWMS can help local authorities in decision making for future waste collection schedule. The waste collection regularity can be monitored, analysed, and rescheduled based on the waste level in garbage containers. Using sensor technology can help reduce the operation time for waste collection process. This sensor can detect the level of garbage in the bin.
Conceptual system design
GSM modules are used for communication for SWMS to transmit data from the sensor to the local server. The sensors need to be equipped with the GSM module including the SIM card and need to subscribe mobile data packets.
